Indian Citizen
Community map e1.13.0

Indian Citizen

The community map

What every surname in the analysis is taken to mean, and how sure we are.

The community figures on the voters explorer rest on this table. They are a tentative estimate for an area, never about a named elector, and they are not 100 percent accurate. The table is published so it can be checked and corrected. A surname is read only in the states it is attested in; a surname many communities share is shown on the chart as that name rather than guessed at.

1400surnames mapped
545distinct communities named
751high confidence
105shared names shown as themselves
52first names that carry a religion

How to read it

Three layers, each one less certain than the one above it.

1. Religion

The most reliable layer. Given-name markers like Mohammad, Gurpreet or Thomas are strong, and a handful of surnames are close to decisive.

2. Caste group

A broad grouping. Read only when the religion layer agrees with it, so a Muslim given name can never be published as a Brahmin.

3. Community

The specific jati. The most useful layer for election work and the least certain, because a surname can belong to different communities in different states.

What this table is not. It is used to estimate the composition of a booth, a station, a constituency or a district. It is never attached to a named elector: no person anywhere in this product carries a religion, caste or community label. The code that classifies a row is not reachable from outside its module, and a test fails the build if such a field ever appears on an elector.

A surname read outside the region it is attested in keeps its reading but drops a step in confidence, because people move. A low-confidence surname read outside its region is dropped entirely.

A few spellings mean different things in different states. Bhat is a Muslim Kashmiri name in Jammu and Kashmir and a Konkani Brahmin one on the west coast; Gujjar is a Scheduled Tribe in Jammu and Kashmir and a backward class in Rajasthan. Those carry one row per reading, marked split, and the state on the roll chooses between them. Read anywhere else they are shown as the name itself, because there is no halfway answer between two different peoples.

First names that carry a religion

The religion layer leans on these harder than on any surname, so they are published too. A first name here outweighs whatever the family name suggests, which is what stops a Mohammad Sharma being reported as a Brahmin. Everything else is read from the surname alone.

First nameRead as
abdoolMuslim
abdulMuslim
abdurMuslim
abdusMuslim
abrahamChristian
ahamedMuslim
ahmadMuslim
ahmedMuslim
amarjitSikh
anthonyChristian
antonyChristian
ayeshaMuslim
baljitSikh
fatimaMuslim
ferozMuslim
firozMuslim
francisChristian
georgeChristian
gurdeepSikh
gurmeetSikh
gurpreetSikh
harjitSikh
harpreetSikh
imranMuslim
jacobChristian
jagdeepSikh
jasbirSikh
jaspreetSikh
josephChristian
mahammadMuslim
mahmadMuslim
manjitSikh
mdMuslim
mohammadMuslim
mohammedMuslim
mohdMuslim
muhammadMuslim
muhammedMuslim
nasreenMuslim
parveenMuslim
parvinMuslim
peterChristian
philipChristian
rafiqMuslim
rukhsanaMuslim
shabanaMuslim
skMuslim
stephenChristian
surjitSikh
thomasChristian
xavierChristian
zeenatMuslim

Every entry

Filter or search. Blank cells are honest: the table knows the religion but not the caste, or knows neither.

SurnameReligionCaste groupCommunityConfidenceAttested in
abbasiMuslimnot setabbasimediumAll India
abediMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
acharyaHinduBrahminacharyamedium7 states
ad-dharmiHinduScheduled Castead-dharmimediumPunjab, Haryana, NCT of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh
addharmiHinduScheduled Castead-dharmimediumPunjab, Haryana, NCT of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh
adhikariHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunmediumSikkim, West Bengal
adi-dravidaHinduScheduled Casteadi-dravidamediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
adiandhraHinduScheduled Casteadi-andhralowAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
adidravidarHinduScheduled Casteadi-dravidamediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
adigaHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighKarnataka
adikarnatakaHinduScheduled Casteadi-karnatakamediumKarnataka
advaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
aeronHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh10 states
agamudayarHinduOther Backward ClassesagamudayarhighTamil Nadu
agariaHinduScheduled TribeagariamediumJharkhand, Chhattisgarh
agarwalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhighAll India
agasaHinduOther Backward ClassesmadivalamediumKarnataka
agerHinduScheduled CasteagermediumKarnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat
aggarwalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhighAll India
agnihotriHinduBrahminnot sethighUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
agrawalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhighAll India
agriHinduOther Backward ClassesagrimediumMaharashtra
aheibamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
aheriaHinduOther Backward ClassesaheriamediumUttar Pradesh
ahirHinduOther Backward ClassesyadavhighAll India
ahirwarHinduScheduled CastechamarhighMadhya Pradesh
ahmadMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
ahmedMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
ahomHinduOther Backward ClassesahommediumAssam
ahujanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
aierChristianTribal ChristianaohighNagaland
aindHinduScheduled TribemundahighJharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal
airanHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh10 states
alamMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
aliMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
almeidaChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
alviMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
amatHinduScheduled CasteamatmediumOdisha
ambasthaHinduKayastha / writerambasthamediumBihar, Jharkhand
ambedkarBuddhistScheduled CastemaharmediumMaharashtra
ambigaHinduOther Backward ClassesambigahighKarnataka
angamiChristianTribal ChristianangamimediumNagaland
ansariMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimjulahahighAll India
apataninot setScheduled TribeapatanimediumArunachal Pradesh
apteHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
arakkalMuslimnot setnot setlowKerala
arayaHinduOther Backward ClassesdheevaramediumKerala
arayanHinduOther Backward ClassesdheevarahighKerala
arenghChristianTribal ChristiangarohighMeghalaya
aroranot setKhatri / Arora Sikharoramedium6 states
arundhatiyaHinduScheduled CastearunthathiyarhighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
arunthathiyarHinduScheduled CastearunthathiyarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
asariHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmahighKerala
asraniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
asthanaHinduKayastha / writerkayasthahighUttar Pradesh
asurHinduScheduled TribeasurmediumJharkhand, Chhattisgarh
atramHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
atwalnot setDominant landholdingjatmedium6 states
aujlanot setDominant landholdingjatmedium6 states
aulakhnot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
awasthiHinduBrahminawasthihigh10 states
awomiChristianTribal ChristiansumimediumNagaland
bafnaJainVaishya / tradingoswalhighAll India
bagdiHinduScheduled CastebagdimediumWest Bengal, Odisha
bagriHinduScheduled CastebagdimediumWest Bengal, Rajasthan, Haryana
bahugunaHinduBrahmingarhwali-brahminhighUttarakhand
baigaHinduScheduled TribebaigahighMadhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh
bainsnot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
bairwaHinduScheduled CastebairwahighRajasthan
bajajnot setVaishya / tradingaroramediumPunjab, NCT of Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan
bajpaiHinduBrahminnot sethighUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh
bajwanot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
bakhlanot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh6 states
balahiHinduScheduled CastebalaimediumMaharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan
balaiHinduScheduled CastebalaihighRajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
baligaHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
balijaHinduOther Backward ClassesbalijamediumKarnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana
balmikiHinduScheduled CastevalmikihighAll India
baltinot setScheduled TribebaltimediumLadakh
bandopadhyayHinduBrahminbengali-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
bandyopadhyayHinduBrahminkulin-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
banerjeeHinduBrahminkulin-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
banjaraHinduScheduled TribebanjaramediumKarnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana
bansalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh11 states
bansodenot setScheduled CastemaharhighMaharashtra
bansphorHinduScheduled CastedommediumBihar, Assam
bantarHinduScheduled CastebantarmediumBihar
banuMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
baoriHinduScheduled CastebawariamediumRajasthan
bapatHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
baraiHinduOther Backward ClasseschaurasiamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
barbhuiyaMuslimnot setnot sethighAssam
barelaHinduScheduled TribebhilhighMadhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
barhiHinduOther Backward ClassesbarhimediumBihar
barikHinduOther Backward ClassesbarikmediumOdisha
barlaHinduScheduled TribemundahighJharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal
barpatragohainHinduOther Backward ClassesahomhighAssam
bartwalHinduBrahmingarhwali-brahminmediumUttarakhand
baruiHinduOther Backward ClassesbaruimediumWest Bengal
barwalaHinduScheduled CastebatwalmediumJammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana
baskeHinduScheduled Tribesanthalhigh5 states
baskeyHinduScheduled Tribesanthalhigh5 states
basodHinduScheduled CastebasormediumMaharashtra, Madhya Pradesh
basorHinduScheduled CastebasormediumUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
basuHinduKayastha / writerbengali-kayasthahighWest Bengal, Tripura
basumatarinot setScheduled TribebodohighAssam
basumatarynot setScheduled TribebodohighAssam
bathamHinduOther Backward ClassesnishadmediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
batranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
battliwalaParsinot setparsimediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa
batwalHinduScheduled CastebatwalmediumJammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab
bauriHinduScheduled CastebaurihighWest Bengal, Tripura, Odisha
bawariaHinduScheduled CastebawariamediumRajasthan, Haryana, Punjab
bazigarHinduScheduled CastebazigarmediumPunjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, NCT of Delhi
bearyMuslimnot setbyarimediumKarnataka
bedeaHinduScheduled TribesanthalmediumJharkhand, West Bengal
bediSikhKhatri / Arora SikhbedihighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
beeviMuslimnot setnot sethighKerala, Tamil Nadu, Lakshadweep
begMuslimAshrafmughalmediumAll India
begamMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
begumMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
beniwalHinduOther Backward ClassesjathighRajasthan
beriwalnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
besraHinduScheduled Tribesanthalhigh5 states
besthaHinduOther Backward ClassesbesthamediumKarnataka
bhabhorHinduScheduled TribebhilmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
bhambiHinduScheduled CastechamarmediumMaharashtra, Gujarat
bhandalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalmedium10 states
bhangiHinduScheduled Castevalmikihigh10 states
bhansaliJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
bharHinduOther Backward ClassesrajbharmediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
bhardwajHinduBrahminbhardwajhighAll India
bharwadHinduOther Backward ClassesbharwadhighGujarat, Rajasthan
bhasinnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
bhat splitMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh
bhat splitHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighKarnataka, Goa, Maharashtra
bhathiaraMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimbhathiaramediumUttar Pradesh
bhatiHinduKshatriya / RajputbhatimediumRajasthan
bhatiaraMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimbhathiaramediumUttar Pradesh
bhatnagarHinduKayastha / writerbhatnagarhigh10 states
bhattHinduBrahminbhattmediumGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand
bhattacharyaHinduBrahminbengali-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
bhattaraiHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunhighSikkim, West Bengal
bhattraHinduScheduled TribebhattramediumChhattisgarh, Odisha
bhaveHinduBrahminchitpavanmediumMaharashtra
bhavsarHinduOther Backward ClassesbhavsarmediumMaharashtra
bhesaniaParsinot setnot sethighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
bhilHinduScheduled TribebhilhighMadhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra
bhilalaHinduScheduled TribebhilalahighMadhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan
bhoiHinduScheduled CastebhoimediumOdisha, Chhattisgarh
bhoiteHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
bhosaleHinduDominant landholdingmarathahighMaharashtra
bhoviHinduScheduled CastebhovimediumKarnataka
bhuiyaHinduScheduled CastebhuiyamediumBihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh
bhuiyanHinduScheduled CastebhuiyamediumBihar
bhullarnot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
bhumijHinduScheduled TribebhumijmediumJharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal
bhutiaBuddhistScheduled TribebhutiahighSikkim
bibiMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
billavaHinduOther Backward ClassesbillavahighKarnataka
bilungHinduScheduled TribekhariamediumJharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh
bindHinduOther Backward ClassesnishadhighUttar Pradesh, Bihar
bindalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh10 states
binjhalHinduScheduled TribebinjhalmediumOdisha
birhorHinduScheduled TribebirhormediumJharkhand
birjiaHinduScheduled TribebirhormediumJharkhand
birlaHinduVaishya / tradingmarwarimediumAll India
bishnoiHinduOther Backward ClassesbishnoihighRajasthan, Haryana, Punjab
bishtHinduKshatriya / Rajputpahari-rajputhighUttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh
bishwakarmaHinduScheduled Castegorkha-dalithighSikkim, West Bengal, Assam
biyaniHinduVaishya / tradingmaheshwarimediumRajasthan, Maharashtra
blahChristianTribal ChristiankhasimediumMeghalaya
bodoHinduScheduled TribebodohighAssam
bodraHinduScheduled TribehohighJharkhand, Odisha
bohraMuslimMuslim trading communitybohrahighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Maharashtra
bondaHinduScheduled TribebondamediumOdisha
borgohainHinduOther Backward ClassesahomhighAssam
boroHinduScheduled TribebodomediumAssam
boseHinduKayastha / writerbengali-kayasthahighWest Bengal, Tripura
bothraJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
boyaHinduOther Backward ClassesboyamediumTamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka
brarnot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
brokpanot setScheduled TribebrokpamediumLadakh
bukhariMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
buragohainHinduOther Backward ClassesahomhighAssam
burdakHinduOther Backward ClassesjathighRajasthan
burudHinduScheduled CasteburudmediumMaharashtra
buttMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh
byariMuslimnot setbyarimediumKarnataka
camaParsinot setparsihighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa
carvalhoChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
chackoChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianhighKerala
chadarHinduScheduled CastechadarmediumMadhya Pradesh
chaddhanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
chadhanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
chahalnot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
chakaliHinduOther Backward ClassesrajakahighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
chakkiliHinduScheduled CastearunthathiyarmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry, Kerala
chakkiliyanHinduScheduled CastearunthathiyarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry, Kerala
chakmaBuddhistScheduled TribechakmahighTripura, Mizoram, Assam
chakrabartiHinduBrahminbengali-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
chakrabortyHinduBrahminbengali-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
chalavadiHinduScheduled CastechalavadihighKarnataka
chaliyanHinduOther Backward ClasseschaliyanhighKerala
chamarHinduScheduled CastechamarhighAll India
chambharHinduScheduled CastechamarhighMaharashtra, Goa, Gujarat
champiaHinduScheduled TribehohighJharkhand, Odisha
chanaSikhRamgarhiaramgarhialowPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
chandelHinduKshatriya / Rajputchandelmedium10 states
chandoknot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
changChristianTribal ChristianchangmediumNagaland
channayyaHinduScheduled CastechalavadimediumKarnataka
charanHinduOther Backward ClassescharanmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
charmakarHinduScheduled CastechamarmediumMaharashtra, Madhya Pradesh
chasaHinduOther Backward ClasseschasamediumOdisha
chatterjeeHinduBrahminkulin-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
chattopadhyayHinduBrahminkulin-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
chaturvediHinduBrahminchaturvedihigh10 states
chaubeyHinduBrahminnot sethighUttar Pradesh, Bihar
chauhanHinduKshatriya / RajputchauhanmediumAll India
chaupalHinduScheduled CastechaupalmediumBihar, Jharkhand
chaurasiaHinduOther Backward ClasseschaurasiamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
chavanHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
chawlanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
chawngteChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram, Manipur, Assam
chawngthuChristianTribal ChristianmizomediumMizoram
cheemanot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
chekamChristianTribal ChristiangarohighMeghalaya, Assam
chekavarHinduOther Backward ClassesezhavalowKerala
chenchuHinduScheduled TribechenchuhighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
cheramarHinduScheduled CastepulayahighKerala
cherianChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianhighKerala
cheroHinduScheduled TribecheromediumJharkhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh
cherumanHinduScheduled CastepulayahighKerala
cherwaHinduScheduled TribekanwarmediumChhattisgarh
chetriHinduKshatriya / Rajputgorkha-chhetrihighSikkim, West Bengal, Assam, Himachal Pradesh
chettiarHinduVaishya / tradingchettiarmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
chettriHinduKshatriya / Rajputgorkha-chhetrihighSikkim, West Bengal, Assam, Himachal Pradesh
chhabranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
chhabriaHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
chhakchhuakChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
chhangteChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
chhapparbandnot setDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicchhapparbandmediumMaharashtra, Karnataka
chharaHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicchharamediumGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
chhetriHinduKshatriya / Rajputgorkha-chhetrihighSikkim, West Bengal, Assam, Himachal Pradesh
chhipaMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimchhipamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh
chikwaHinduScheduled Castekhatikmedium6 states
chipiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimchhipamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
chiplunkarHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
chiromHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
chisimChristianTribal ChristiangarohighMeghalaya
chobeHinduBrahminnot sethighUttar Pradesh, Bihar
chopranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
choreHinduScheduled TribesanthalmediumJharkhand, West Bengal
chuganiHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
chuhraHinduScheduled CastevalmikimediumPunjab, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
churaHinduScheduled CastevalmikimediumPunjab, Himachal Pradesh
churiharMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimchuriharmediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
chutiyaHinduOther Backward ClasseschutiyahighAssam
coutinhoChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
dabhadeHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
dadhichHinduBrahmindadhichhighRajasthan
dagaJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
dahalHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunhighSikkim, West Bengal
dahiyaHinduDominant landholdingjathighHaryana
daimarinot setScheduled TribebodohighAssam
daimarynot setScheduled TribebodohighAssam
damaiHinduScheduled CastedamaihighSikkim, West Bengal
damariaHinduScheduled TribebhilhighRajasthan, Gujarat
damorHinduScheduled TribebhilhighRajasthan, Gujarat
darMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
daruwalaParsinot setnot sethighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
darziMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimdarzihigh6 states
dasguptaHinduKayastha / writerbaidyahighWest Bengal, Tripura
dattaHinduKayastha / writerbengali-kayasthamediumWest Bengal, Tripura
daveHinduBrahmingujarati-brahminhighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
debasiHinduOther Backward ClassesrabarimediumRajasthan, Gujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
debbarmaHinduScheduled TribetripurihighTripura
deekshitharHinduBrahmindikshitarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
deolnot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
deoraHinduKshatriya / RajputrajputmediumRajasthan
deoriHinduScheduled TribedeorihighAssam
desaiHinduDominant landholdingdesaimediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
deshmukhHinduDominant landholdingmarathahighMaharashtra
deshpandeHinduBrahmindeshasthahighMaharashtra
desouzaChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
devadossChristiannot settamil-christianmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
devangaHinduOther Backward ClassesdevangahighKarnataka
devarHinduDominant landholdingthevarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
devendraHinduScheduled CastepallarmediumTamil Nadu
devendrakulathanHinduScheduled CastepallarmediumTamil Nadu
devipujakHinduOther Backward ClasseswaghrimediumGujarat
dewarHinduScheduled CastedewarmediumOdisha
dhakaHinduDominant landholdingjatmediumRajasthan, Haryana
dhaliwalnot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
dhanakHinduScheduled CastedhanukhighHaryana, Punjab, Rajasthan
dhangarHinduScheduled TribedhangarmediumGoa
dhanukHinduScheduled CastedhanukhighUttar Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana
dharanHinduVaishya / tradingagarwallow10 states
dharkarHinduScheduled CastedommediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
dhawannot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
dhayalHinduOther Backward ClassesjatmediumRajasthan
dhedHinduScheduled CastemahyavanshimediumGujarat, Maharashtra
dheemarHinduOther Backward ClassesnishadmediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
dheevaraHinduOther Backward ClassesdheevaramediumKerala
dhibaraHinduScheduled CastekeutamediumOdisha
dhillonnot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
dhimarHinduOther Backward ClassesnishadmediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
dhingranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
dhobaHinduScheduled CastedhobihighOdisha
dhobiHinduScheduled Castedhobimedium5 states
dhootHinduVaishya / tradingmaheshwarimediumRajasthan, Maharashtra
dhorHinduScheduled CastedhorhighMaharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka
dhuniaMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimdhuniahigh6 states
dhuniyaMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimdhuniamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
dhupiHinduScheduled CastedhobimediumAssam, West Bengal
dhurveHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
dhurwaHinduScheduled TribedhurwamediumChhattisgarh, Odisha
dhurweHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
dhusiaHinduScheduled CastechamarhighUttar Pradesh
diasChristianLatin CatholicgoanmediumAll India
didayiHinduScheduled TribedidayimediumOdisha
diengdohChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
dikshitarHinduBrahmindikshitarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
dimasaHinduScheduled TribedimasahighAssam
dixitHinduBrahmindixithigh10 states
dkharChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
dobhalHinduBrahmingarhwali-brahminhighUttarakhand
dograHinduKshatriya / RajputdogramediumJammu and Kashmir
dohorHinduScheduled CastedohormediumMadhya Pradesh
doleynot setScheduled TribemisinghighAssam
domHinduScheduled Castedommedium5 states
domarHinduScheduled CastedommediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
domeHinduScheduled CastedommediumBihar
dommaraHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicdommaramediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
doomHinduScheduled CastedumnamediumHimachal Pradesh, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir
dosanjhnot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
doshinot setVaishya / tradinggujarati-baniamediumGujarat, Maharashtra
dovalHinduBrahmingarhwali-brahminmediumUttarakhand
dsouzaChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
dubashParsinot setnot setmediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
dubayHinduBrahminnot sethigh5 states
dubeyHinduBrahminnot sethigh5 states
dublaHinduScheduled TribedublahighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
dudekulaMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimdudekulamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
dudiHinduOther Backward ClassesjatmediumRajasthan
dugadJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
dugarJainVaishya / tradingoswalmediumAll India
duggalnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
dumnaHinduScheduled CastedumnamediumHimachal Pradesh, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir
dungdungHinduScheduled TribekhariamediumJharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh
dusadhHinduScheduled CastedusadhhighBihar
dutt splitHinduKayastha / writerbengali-kayasthamediumWest Bengal, Tripura
dutt splitnot setKhatri / Arora SikhkhatrimediumPunjab, Chandigarh, NCT of Delhi, Haryana
duttaHinduKayastha / writerbengali-kayasthamediumWest Bengal, Tripura
duttaguptaHinduKayastha / writerbaidyahighWest Bengal, Tripura
dwivediHinduBrahmindwivedihigh10 states
edigaHinduOther Backward ClassesbillavahighKarnataka
ekkanot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh5 states
embranthiriHinduBrahminembranthirimediumKerala
erukalaHinduScheduled TribeyerukalamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka
ezhavaHinduOther Backward ClassesezhavahighKerala
ezhuthachanHinduOther Backward ClassesezhuthachanhighKerala
ezraJewishnot setbaghdadi-jewmediumWest Bengal
fakhirMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimfaqirmediumAll India
fanaiChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
faqirMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimfaqirhigh6 states
faquirMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimfaqirmediumAll India
farooquiMuslimAshraffarooquihighAll India
fernandesChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
fernandezChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
gabitHinduOther Backward ClassesgabitmediumMaharashtra
gadaHinduOther Backward ClassesgadalowUttar Pradesh
gadabaHinduScheduled TribegadabamediumOdisha
gadariyaHinduOther Backward ClassesgaderiamediumUttar Pradesh, Haryana
gaderiaHinduOther Backward ClassesgaderiamediumUttar Pradesh, Haryana
gadgilHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
gadialoharHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicgadia-loharmediumRajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh
gagraiHinduScheduled TribehohighJharkhand, Odisha
galonot setScheduled TribegalomediumArunachal Pradesh
gamitHinduScheduled TribegamithighGujarat, Maharashtra
ganaiMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
gandaHinduScheduled CastegandamediumChhattisgarh, Odisha
gandlaHinduOther Backward ClassesgandlamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
gangamathaHinduOther Backward ClassesgangamathamediumKarnataka
gangaputraHinduOther Backward ClassesgangaputramediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
gangotaHinduOther Backward ClassesgangotahighBihar
gangteChristianTribal ChristiankukihighManipur
gangulyHinduBrahminkulin-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
ganigaHinduOther Backward ClassesganigamediumKarnataka
ganjuHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
gaonkarHinduOther Backward ClassesgaonkarmediumGoa
garasiaHinduScheduled Tribebhil-garasiamediumRajasthan, Gujarat
gardiHinduScheduled CastegardimediumJammu and Kashmir
gargHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh11 states
garodaHinduScheduled CastegarodahighGujarat, Rajasthan
garudiHinduScheduled CastematangmediumMaharashtra
gaudeHinduScheduled TribegaudemediumGoa
gaurHinduBrahminnot setmediumUttar Pradesh, Haryana, NCT of Delhi, Madhya Pradesh
gautamHinduBrahminnot setmediumAll India
gavariaHinduScheduled CastegavariamediumRajasthan
gavdaHinduScheduled TribegavdamediumGoa
gavitHinduScheduled TribegamithighGujarat, Maharashtra
gawainot setScheduled CastemaharmediumMaharashtra
gawariaHinduScheduled CastegavariamediumRajasthan
gawdaHinduScheduled TribegavdamediumGoa
gedamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
ghanchinot setOther Backward ClassesghanchihighGujarat
ghasiHinduScheduled CasteghasimediumBihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh
ghatgeHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
ghisadiHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicgadia-loharmediumMaharashtra, Gujarat
ghoshHinduKayastha / writerbengali-kayasthahighWest Bengal, Tripura
ghumannot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
gilaniMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
gillnot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
girasiaHinduScheduled Tribebhil-garasiamediumRajasthan, Gujarat
godaraHinduOther Backward ClassesjathighRajasthan
godrejParsinot setparsihighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa
goelHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh11 states
goenkaHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalmedium10 states
gokhaHinduScheduled CastegokhamediumOdisha
gokhaleHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
golechaJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
gollaHinduOther Backward ClassesyadavhighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
gondHinduScheduled TribegondhighMadhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Odisha
gondhaliHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicgondhalimediumMaharashtra
gonsalvesChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
gopalHinduOther Backward ClassesyadavmediumOdisha
gopeHinduOther Backward ClassesyadavmediumBihar, West Bengal
goswamiHinduBrahmingoswamimedium7 states
goudHinduOther Backward ClassesgoudmediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
goudaHinduDominant landholdingvokkaligamediumKarnataka
gounderHinduDominant landholdinggounderhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
gowdaHinduDominant landholdingvokkaligahighKarnataka
goyalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh11 states
goyanHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalmedium10 states
grewalnot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
grovernot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
gudiaHinduScheduled TribemundamediumJharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal
guhaHinduKayastha / writerbengali-kayasthahighWest Bengal, Tripura
gujjar splitHinduOther Backward Classesgujjarhigh7 states
gujjar splitnot setScheduled TribegujjarhighJammu and Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh
guptaHinduVaishya / tradingbaniamedium10 states
gurjar splitHinduOther Backward Classesgujjarhigh7 states
gurjar splitnot setScheduled TribegujjarhighJammu and Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh
gurungHinduScheduled TribegurunghighSikkim, West Bengal, Assam
gwalaHinduOther Backward ClassesyadavmediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
gyatsoBuddhistnot settibetan-buddhistmediumLadakh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh
hadaHinduKshatriya / RajputrajputmediumRajasthan
hadiHinduScheduled CastehaddimediumOdisha
haiburuHinduScheduled TribehohighJharkhand, Odisha
hajjamMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimhajjammediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
hajongHinduScheduled TribehajonghighAssam, Meghalaya
haksarHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
halalkhorHinduScheduled Castevalmikimedium5 states
halamHinduScheduled TribehalammediumTripura
halbaHinduScheduled TribehalbahighChhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh
halbiHinduScheduled TribehalbahighChhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh
halpatiHinduScheduled TribedublahighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
hansdaHinduScheduled Tribesanthalhigh5 states
hansdahHinduScheduled Tribesanthalhigh5 states
hansdakHinduScheduled Tribesanthalhigh5 states
haokipChristianTribal ChristiankukihighManipur
haqueMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
harakanthraHinduOther Backward ClassesharikanthrahighKarnataka
harijanHinduScheduled CasteharijanhighAll India
harikanthraHinduOther Backward ClassesharikanthrahighKarnataka
hasalaruHinduScheduled TribehasalarumediumKarnataka
hasanMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
hashmiMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
hassanMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
hatkarHinduOther Backward ClassesdhangarhighMaharashtra
hauhharChristianTribal ChristianmizomediumMizoram
hauhnarChristianTribal ChristianmizomediumMizoram, Manipur, Assam
hebbarHinduBrahminhebbarmediumKarnataka
helaHinduScheduled CastevalmikimediumUttar Pradesh, Maharashtra
hembramHinduScheduled TribesanthalhighJharkhand, West Bengal
hembromHinduScheduled TribesanthalhighJharkhand, West Bengal
herenzHinduScheduled TribemundamediumJharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal
hidamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
hijamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
hiranandaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
hmarChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
hnamteChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
holarHinduScheduled CasteholarhighMaharashtra, Gujarat
holayaHinduScheduled CasteholeyahighKarnataka
holeyaHinduScheduled CasteholeyahighKarnataka
holkarHinduDominant landholdingmarathalowMaharashtra
hoodaHinduDominant landholdingjathighHaryana
hoqueMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
hossainMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
hotaHinduBrahminhotamediumOdisha
hrahselChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram, Manipur, Assam
humtsoeChristianTribal ChristianlothamediumNagaland
husainMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
hussainMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
idrisiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimidrisihighAll India
idunot setScheduled TribemishmimediumArunachal Pradesh
imchenChristianTribal ChristianaohighNagaland
inglenot setScheduled CastemaharmediumMaharashtra
iraniParsinot setnot setmediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
irengbamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
irularHinduScheduled TribeirularmediumKerala, Tamil Nadu
iruligaHinduScheduled TribeiruligamediumKarnataka
islamMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
iyengarHinduBrahminiyengarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
iyerHinduBrahminiyerhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
jadejaHinduKshatriya / RajputjadejahighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
jadhavHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
jafriMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
jagtapHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
jainJainVaishya / tradingjainhighAll India
jakharHinduOther Backward ClassesjathighRajasthan
jalariHinduOther Backward ClassesjalarimediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
jamatiaHinduScheduled TribejamatiahighTripura
jamirChristianTribal ChristianaohighNagaland
jangidHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmamediumRajasthan
janiHinduBrahmingujarati-brahminhighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
jat splitHinduDominant landholdingjathigh5 states
jat splitHinduOther Backward ClassesjathighRajasthan, Madhya Pradesh
jatavHinduScheduled Castejatavhigh10 states
jatavaHinduScheduled CastejatavhighUttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh
jatiaHinduScheduled CastechamarmediumUttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, NCT of Delhi
jejeebhoyParsinot setparsihighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa
jenukurubaHinduScheduled Tribejenu-kurubamediumKarnataka
jhaHinduBrahminmaithilhighBihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
jhaloHinduScheduled CastemalomediumAssam, West Bengal
jhaverinot setVaishya / tradinggujarati-baniamediumGujarat, Maharashtra
jhunjhunwalaHinduVaishya / tradingmarwarimediumAll India
jhusiaHinduScheduled CastechamarmediumUttar Pradesh
jimominot setScheduled Tribesumi-nagahighNagaland
jindalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh11 states
jobanputraHinduVaishya / tradinglohanahighGujarat
joglekarHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
joshiHinduBrahminjoshimediumAll India
juangHinduScheduled TribejuangmediumOdisha
junejanot setKhatri / Arora SikharoramediumPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana, NCT of Delhi
kabberaHinduOther Backward ClasseskabberamediumKarnataka
kabirpanthiHinduScheduled CastekabirpanthimediumPunjab
kacchwahaHinduKshatriya / RajputrajputmediumRajasthan
kachariHinduScheduled TribekacharimediumAssam
kachhiHinduOther Backward ClasseskushwahamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
kachiHinduOther Backward ClasseskushwahamediumUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh
kachruHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
kachwahaHinduKshatriya / RajputrajputmediumRajasthan
kadamHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
kadarHinduScheduled TribekadarmediumKerala, Tamil Nadu
kaharHinduOther Backward ClasseskaharhighUttar Pradesh, Bihar
kaibartaHinduScheduled CastekaibartamediumWest Bengal, Assam, Odisha
kaibarttaHinduScheduled CastekaibartamediumAssam
kaikadiHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadickaikadihighMaharashtra
kaikolarHinduOther Backward ClassessenguntharmediumTamil Nadu
kaimalHinduDominant landholdingnairhighKerala
kakadeHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
kakkarnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
kalaiHinduScheduled TribekalaihighTripura
kalbeliaHinduScheduled CastekalbeliamediumRajasthan
kalingaHinduOther Backward ClasseskalingalowAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
kalitaHinduDominant landholdingkalitahighAssam
kallarHinduOther Backward ClasseskallarmediumTamil Nadu
kalsiSikhRamgarhiaramgarhiahighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
kamannot setScheduled TribemishmimediumArunachal Pradesh
kamarHinduScheduled TribekamarmediumChhattisgarh
kamatHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
kamathHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
kamblenot setScheduled CastemaharhighMaharashtra, Karnataka
kameiChristianTribal ChristianrongmeihighManipur
kamiHinduScheduled CastekamimediumSikkim, West Bengal
kammaHinduDominant landholdingkammahighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
kammalanHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmamediumKerala
kanakkanHinduScheduled CastekanakkanmediumKerala, Tamil Nadu
kandaraHinduScheduled CastekandaramediumOdisha
kandhaHinduScheduled TribekondhmediumOdisha
kandpalHinduBrahminkumaoni-brahminhighUttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh
kandraHinduScheduled CastekandramediumOdisha
kanikaranHinduScheduled TribekanikkarmediumTamil Nadu
kanikkarHinduScheduled TribekanikkarmediumKerala, Tamil Nadu
kanjarHinduScheduled CastekanjarmediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan
kanjarbhatHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadickanjarbhathighMaharashtra
kansalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalmedium11 states
kanuHinduOther Backward ClasseskanumediumBihar
kanwarHinduScheduled TribekanwarmediumChhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh
kapadianot setVaishya / tradinggujarati-baniamediumGujarat, Maharashtra
kapoornot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
kappuHinduDominant landholdingkapumediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
kapuHinduDominant landholdingkapuhighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
kapurnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
karamakarHinduArtisan and servicekarmakarmediumWest Bengal
karbiHinduScheduled TribekarbihighAssam
karimMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
karmakarHinduArtisan and servicekarmakarmediumWest Bengal
karmaliHinduScheduled TribekarmalimediumJharkhand
karthaHinduDominant landholdingnairhighKerala
karveHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
kasaiMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimqasaihigh6 states
kasarHinduOther Backward ClasseskasarmediumMaharashtra
kaswanHinduOther Backward ClassesjatmediumRajasthan
kataraHinduScheduled TribebhilmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
kathiHinduKshatriya / RajputkathimediumGujarat
kathodiHinduScheduled TribekatkarihighMaharashtra, Gujarat
katjuHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
katkariHinduScheduled TribekatkarihighMaharashtra, Gujarat
kaulHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
kaurSikhnot setnot sethighAll India
kaziMuslimnot setqazimediumMaharashtra, Karnataka
kazmiMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
keishamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
kejriwalHinduVaishya / tradingmarwarimediumAll India
keotHinduOther Backward ClasseskeothighAssam
kerkarHinduOther Backward ClasseskerkarmediumGoa
kerkettanot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh5 states
keswaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
keutaHinduScheduled CastekeutamediumOdisha
kewatHinduOther Backward ClassesnishadhighUttar Pradesh, Bihar
khaidemHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
khamptinot setScheduled TribekhamptimediumArunachal Pradesh
khanMuslimAshrafpathanmediumAll India
khandayMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
khandelwalHinduVaishya / tradingkhandelwalhigh5 states
khangarHinduScheduled CastekhangarmediumMadhya Pradesh
khannanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
khareHinduKayastha / writerkayasthamediumUttar Pradesh
kharkongorChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
kharmawlongChristianTribal ChristiankhasimediumMeghalaya
kharshiingChristianTribal ChristiankhasimediumMeghalaya
kharvaHinduOther Backward ClasseskharwamediumGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
kharviHinduOther Backward ClasseskharvihighKarnataka
kharwaHinduOther Backward ClasseskharwamediumGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
kharwarHinduScheduled TribekharwarmediumJharkhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh
khatiHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmamediumRajasthan
khatikHinduScheduled Castekhatikhigh8 states
khatoonMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
khatrinot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium6 states
khatunMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
khatweHinduScheduled CastekhatwemediumBihar
khiangteChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
khojaMuslimMuslim trading communitykhojahighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Maharashtra
khondHinduScheduled TribekhondmediumOdisha
khongbanthemHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
khongwirChristianTribal ChristiankhasimediumMeghalaya
khoslanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
khurananot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
khyllaitChristianTribal ChristiankhasimediumMeghalaya
kikonChristianTribal ChristianlothahighNagaland
kiniHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
kipgenChristianTribal ChristiankukihighManipur
kirarHinduOther Backward ClasseskirarmediumMadhya Pradesh
kiskuHinduScheduled TribesanthalhighJharkhand, West Bengal
kithanChristianTribal ChristianlothamediumNagaland
kochHinduOther Backward ClasseskochhighAssam
kocharnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
kochharnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
kodapeHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
koeriHinduOther Backward ClasseskoerihighBihar
kohlinot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
koiralaHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunhighSikkim, West Bengal
koirengChristianTribal ChristiankoirengmediumManipur
kokaniMuslimnot setkonkani-muslimlowMaharashtra
kokateHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
koknaHinduScheduled TribekoknahighGujarat, Maharashtra, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
kokniHinduScheduled TribekoknahighGujarat, Maharashtra, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
kolHinduScheduled TribekolmediumMadhya Pradesh, Jharkhand
kolhaHinduScheduled TribekolhamediumOdisha
kolhatiHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadickolhatihighMaharashtra
koliHinduOther Backward ClasseskolimediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
kollanHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmamediumKerala
komatiHinduVaishya / tradingkomatihighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
konarHinduOther Backward ClassesyadavhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
kondhHinduScheduled TribekondhmediumOdisha
kongariHinduScheduled TribemundamediumJharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal
konsamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
konyakChristianTribal ChristiankonyakmediumNagaland
korachaHinduScheduled CastekoramamediumKarnataka
koragaHinduScheduled TribekoragahighKarnataka
koramaHinduScheduled CastekoramamediumKarnataka
koravarHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadickoravarmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
korcheHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
koriHinduScheduled Castekorihigh6 states
korwaHinduScheduled TribekorwamediumChhattisgarh, Jharkhand
koshtiHinduOther Backward ClasseskoshtimediumMaharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh
koshyChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianhighKerala
kosthaHinduOther Backward ClasseskoshtimediumUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
kotharinot setVaishya / tradinggujarati-baniamediumGujarat, Maharashtra
koulHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
koweHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
koyaHinduScheduled Tribekoyamedium5 states
kriplaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
kshetrimayumHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
kuchchalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh10 states
kuchhalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh10 states
kudumbanHinduScheduled CastekudumbanmediumTamil Nadu, Kerala
kujurnot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh5 states
kuknaHinduScheduled TribekoknahighGujarat, Maharashtra, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
kulkarniHinduBrahmindeshasthahighMaharashtra
kultaHinduOther Backward ClasseskultamediumOdisha
kuluHinduScheduled TribekhariamediumJharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh
kumawatHinduArtisan and servicekumawathighRajasthan, Madhya Pradesh
kumbaraHinduArtisan and servicekumharmediumKarnataka
kumharHinduArtisan and servicekumharhighAll India
kumraHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
kumreHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
kunbiHinduScheduled TribekunbimediumGoa
kunjamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
kunjraMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimkunjrahigh6 states
kuraishiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimqureshihighAll India
kuravarHinduOther Backward ClasseskuravarmediumTamil Nadu
kureelHinduScheduled CastekurariarmediumBihar, Uttar Pradesh
kurianChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianhighKerala
kurichyanHinduScheduled TribekurichyamediumKerala
kurmiHinduOther Backward Classeskurmihigh10 states
kurubaHinduOther Backward ClasseskurubahighKarnataka
kurumbaHinduScheduled TribekurumbamediumTamil Nadu, Kerala
kurupHinduDominant landholdingnairmediumKerala
kusavanHinduOther Backward ClasseskusavanmediumKerala
kushwahaHinduOther Backward Classeskushwahahigh10 states
laishramHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
lakranot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh5 states
lalbegiHinduScheduled Castevalmikimedium5 states
lalungHinduScheduled TribetiwahighAssam
lalwaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
lamaBuddhistnot settibetan-buddhistlowLadakh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh
lamarenot setScheduled TribepnarmediumMeghalaya
lambadiHinduScheduled Tribelambadimedium5 states
lambaniHinduScheduled Tribelambadimedium5 states
laskarMuslimnot setnot setmediumAssam
lebbaiMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimtamil-muslimmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
leleHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
lepchanot setScheduled TribelepchahighSikkim, West Bengal
lhouvumChristianTribal ChristiankukimediumManipur, Nagaland, Mizoram
lhungdimChristianTribal ChristiankukimediumManipur
limayeHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
limbuHinduScheduled TribelimbumediumSikkim, West Bengal
lingayatHinduOther Backward ClasseslingayathighKarnataka
loboChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
lodhHinduOther Backward ClasseslodhimediumUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan
lodhiHinduOther Backward ClasseslodhimediumUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan
loharHinduArtisan and serviceloharhighAll India
loharaHinduScheduled TribelohramediumJharkhand
lohraHinduScheduled TribelohramediumJharkhand
loisHinduScheduled CasteloishighManipur
lokhandenot setScheduled CastemaharmediumMaharashtra
loneMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
longkumerChristianTribal ChristianaohighNagaland
lothaChristianTribal ChristianlothamediumNagaland
luhaarHinduArtisan and serviceloharmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
lukramHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
lunawatJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
lunkadJainVaishya / tradingoswalmediumAll India
luthranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
lyngdohChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
lyngkhoiChristianTribal ChristiankhasimediumMeghalaya
maannot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
madaannot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
madannot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
madaviHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
madgiHinduScheduled CastemadgihighMaharashtra
madhukulHinduVaishya / tradingagarwallow10 states
madigaHinduScheduled CastemadigahighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
madivalaHinduOther Backward ClassesmadivalamediumKarnataka
magarHinduOther Backward ClassesmagarhighSikkim, West Bengal, Assam
maghBuddhistScheduled TribemoghighTripura
magreyMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
mahalnot setDominant landholdingjatmedium6 states
mahaliHinduScheduled TribemahlimediumJharkhand
maharnot setScheduled CastemaharhighMaharashtra
maharjanHindunot setnewarhighSikkim, West Bengal
mahashaHinduScheduled CastedumnamediumHimachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir
mahatamHinduScheduled CastemahatammediumPunjab
mahendrunot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
maheshwariHinduVaishya / tradingmaheshwarihighRajasthan, Maharashtra
mahishyaHinduOther Backward ClassesmahishyalowWest Bengal
mahliHinduScheduled TribemahlimediumJharkhand
mahyavanshiHinduScheduled CastemahyavanshihighGujarat, Maharashtra
maitiHinduOther Backward ClassesmahishyamediumWest Bengal
maityHinduOther Backward ClassesmahishyamediumWest Bengal
makhijaHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
malaHinduScheduled CastemalamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
malakarHinduOther Backward ClassesmalakarmediumWest Bengal
malhotranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
mallahHinduOther Backward ClassesnishadhighUttar Pradesh, Bihar
mallyaHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
maloHinduScheduled CastemalomediumWest Bengal, Assam
manchandanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
mandaviHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
mangHinduScheduled CastematangmediumMaharashtra
mangalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalmedium10 states
mangelaHinduOther Backward Classesmangela-kolimediumGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Maharashtra
maniharMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimmaniharhigh6 states
manjhiHinduScheduled CastemanjhimediumBihar
mannnot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
mannadiarHinduDominant landholdingnairhighKerala
mansooriMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimmansurihighAll India
mansuriMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimmansurihighAll India
maoChristianTribal ChristianmaomediumManipur
maraiHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
marakChristianTribal ChristiangarohighMeghalaya
marakayarMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimtamil-muslimmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
maramChristianTribal ChristianmarammediumManipur
marandiHinduScheduled TribesanthalhighJharkhand
mararHinduArtisan and serviceambalavasihighKerala
maravarHinduOther Backward ClassesmaravarhighTamil Nadu
maraviHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
marbaniangChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
markamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
maru-vankarHinduScheduled CastemahyavanshihighGujarat
marwariHinduVaishya / tradingmarwarimediumAll India
mascarenhasChristianLatin CatholicgoanhighAll India
maseehChristiannot setpunjabi-christianhighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana, NCT of Delhi
masihChristiannot setpunjabi-christianhighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana, NCT of Delhi
masseyChristiannot setpunjabi-christianmediumPunjab, Chandigarh, NCT of Delhi
matakHinduOther Backward ClassesmatakmediumAssam
matangHinduScheduled CastematanghighMaharashtra, Karnataka
matharuSikhRamgarhiaramgarhiamediumPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
mathewChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianmediumKerala
mathurHinduKayastha / writermathurhigh10 states
mauryaHinduOther Backward Classeskushwahamedium10 states
mavchiHinduScheduled TribegamithighGujarat, Maharashtra
mawlongChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
mazhabiSikhMazhabi / Dalit Sikhmazhabihigh5 states
mechHinduScheduled TribemechlowAssam
meenaHinduScheduled TribemeenahighRajasthan
meenavarHinduOther Backward ClassesmeenavarmediumTamil Nadu
meghwalHinduScheduled CastemeghwalhighRajasthan, Gujarat
mehlaHinduOther Backward ClassesjatmediumRajasthan
mehranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
mehrotranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
mehtarHinduScheduled Castevalmikihigh7 states
memonMuslimMuslim trading communitymemonhighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Maharashtra
menezesChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
menonHinduDominant landholdingnairhighKerala
meoMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimmeohighRajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh
meshramnot setScheduled CastemaharmediumMaharashtra
mewatiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimmeohighRajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh
mijinot setScheduled TribemijimediumArunachal Pradesh
mijunot setScheduled TribemishmimediumArunachal Pradesh
minaHinduScheduled TribemeenamediumRajasthan
minjnot setScheduled TribeoraonmediumJharkhand
mirMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
mirasiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimmirasimediumUttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana
mirchandaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
miriHinduScheduled TribemishinghighAssam
mirzaMuslimAshrafmughalhighAll India
mishingHinduScheduled TribemishinghighAssam
mishminot setScheduled TribemishmimediumArunachal Pradesh
mishraHinduBrahminmishrahighAll India
misraHinduBrahminmishrahighAll India
mitraHinduKayastha / writerbengali-kayasthahighWest Bengal, Tripura
mittalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh11 states
modakHinduOther Backward ClassesmodakmediumWest Bengal
modiHinduVaishya / tradingmodimediumGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
mogBuddhistScheduled TribemogmediumTripura
mogaveeraHinduOther Backward ClassesmogaveeramediumKarnataka
mogerHinduScheduled CastemogermediumKarnataka, Kerala
mohammadMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
mohammedMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
mohantyHinduKayastha / writerkaranmediumOdisha
mohiteHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
moiraHinduOther Backward ClassesmodakmediumWest Bengal
moirangthemHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
mollaMuslimnot setnot sethighWest Bengal, Tripura
mollahMuslimnot setnot sethighWest Bengal, Tripura
mominChristianTribal ChristiangaromediumMeghalaya, Assam
monpanot setScheduled TribemonpamediumArunachal Pradesh
moonnot setScheduled CastemaharlowMaharashtra
moopanarHinduDominant landholdingvellalarmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
moosariHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmamediumKerala
moranHinduOther Backward ClassesmoranhighAssam
motokHinduOther Backward ClassesmotokhighAssam
motwaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
muchiHinduScheduled CastemuchimediumWest Bengal, Assam, Bihar
mudaliarHinduDominant landholdingmudaliarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
mudirajHinduOther Backward ClassesmudirajhighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
mukherjeeHinduBrahminkulin-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
mukhopadhyayHinduBrahminkulin-brahminhighWest Bengal, Tripura
mukkulathorHinduDominant landholdingthevarmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
mukkuvaHinduOther Backward ClassesdheevaramediumKerala
mukkuvanHinduOther Backward ClassesmukkuvanhighKerala
mukriHinduScheduled CastemogermediumKarnataka, Kerala
mundaHinduScheduled TribemundahighJharkhand, Odisha
muraiHinduOther Backward ClasseskushwahamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
muriaHinduScheduled TribemuriamediumChhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Odisha
murmuHinduScheduled TribesanthalhighJharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha
musaharHinduScheduled CastemusaharhighBihar, Uttar Pradesh
musaharynot setScheduled TribebodohighAssam
muthurajaHinduOther Backward ClassesagamudayarhighTamil Nadu
mutrasiHinduOther Backward ClassesmudirajmediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
muttooHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
mutumHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
nabamnot setScheduled TribenyishimediumArunachal Pradesh
nadarHinduOther Backward ClassesnadarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
naddafMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimnaddafhigh6 states
nagalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalmedium10 states
nagesiaHinduScheduled TribenagesiamediumJharkhand, Chhattisgarh
nagpalnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
nagralenot setScheduled CastemaharmediumMaharashtra
nahataJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
naiHinduArtisan and servicenaimediumAll India
naiduHinduDominant landholdingnaidumediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry
nainwalHinduBrahminpahari-brahminmediumUttarakhand
nairHinduDominant landholdingnairhighKerala
namasudraHinduScheduled CastenamasudrahighWest Bengal, Tripura
nambeesanHinduArtisan and serviceambalavasihighKerala
nambiarHinduDominant landholdingnairmediumKerala
namboodiriHinduBrahminnamboothirihighKerala
namboothiriHinduBrahminnamboothirihighKerala
nameirakpamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
namgyalBuddhistnot settibetan-buddhistmediumLadakh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh
nandanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
nangalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalmedium10 states
naoremHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
napitHinduOther Backward ClassesnaimediumAssam
naqviMuslimAshrafsyedhighAll India
narangnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
narikuravarHinduOther Backward ClassesnarikuravarmediumTamil Nadu
narulanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
narzarinot setScheduled TribebodohighAssam
narzarynot setScheduled TribebodohighAssam
nautiyalHinduBrahmingarhwali-brahminhighUttarakhand
nayadiHinduScheduled CastenayadimediumKerala
nedungadiHinduDominant landholdingnairhighKerala
negiHinduKshatriya / Rajputpahari-rajputhighHimachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand
nehraHinduOther Backward ClassesjatmediumRajasthan
nehruHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
nepalHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunmediumSikkim, West Bengal
netamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
netkaniHinduScheduled CastemalamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
nhaviHinduOther Backward ClassesnaimediumMaharashtra
nigamHinduKayastha / writernigamhigh10 states
nikamHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
ninamaHinduScheduled TribebhilmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
ninanChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianhighKerala
ningthoujamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
nishadHinduOther Backward ClassesnishadhighUttar Pradesh, Bihar
nishinot setScheduled TribenyishimediumArunachal Pradesh
noatiaHinduScheduled TribenoatiahighTripura
noctenot setScheduled TribenoctemediumArunachal Pradesh
nohtenot setScheduled TribenoctelowArunachal Pradesh
nongkynrihChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
nongrumChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
nongspungChristianTribal ChristiankhasimediumMeghalaya
noniaHinduOther Backward ClassesnoniahighBihar, Uttar Pradesh
nonminChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
nulayanHinduOther Backward ClassesdheevarahighKerala
nuniaHinduOther Backward ClassesnoniahighBihar, Uttar Pradesh
nuretiHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
nyishinot setScheduled TribenyishimediumArunachal Pradesh
oakHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
oberoinot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
oddarHinduOther Backward ClassesoddarmediumTamil Nadu
oddeHinduScheduled CastebhovimediumKarnataka
oinamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
ojhaHinduBrahminnot sethighBihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh
oommenChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianhighKerala
oraonnot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh5 states
oswalJainVaishya / tradingoswalhighAll India
ozukumChristianTribal ChristianaomediumNagaland
pachuauChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
padaiyachiHinduOther Backward ClassesvanniyarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
padannaHinduScheduled CastekanakkanmediumKerala, Tamil Nadu
padayachiHinduOther Backward ClassesvanniyarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
padmashaliHinduArtisan and servicepadmashalihighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
padviHinduScheduled TribegamithighGujarat, Maharashtra
pahariaHinduScheduled TribepahariamediumJharkhand
paiHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
paiteChristianTribal ChristianpaitemediumManipur
paliyanHinduScheduled TribepaliyanmediumTamil Nadu, Kerala
pallarHinduScheduled CastepallarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
pambadaHinduScheduled CastepambadamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala
panHinduScheduled CastepanmediumOdisha
panchalHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmamediumUttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan
pandaHinduBrahminpandamediumOdisha
pandeHinduBrahminpandeyhighAll India
pandeyHinduBrahminpandeyhigh10 states
panditHinduBrahminkashmiri-panditmediumJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
pandroHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
pandyaHinduBrahmingujarati-brahminhighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
panickerHinduDominant landholdingnairmediumKerala
panigrahiHinduBrahminnot sethighOdisha
panikaHinduScheduled CastepanomediumOdisha, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh
panikerHinduDominant landholdingnairmediumKerala
paniyaHinduScheduled TribepaniyamediumKerala
pankaHinduScheduled CastepanomediumOdisha, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh
pannanot setScheduled TribeoraonmediumJharkhand, Chhattisgarh
pannadiHinduScheduled CastepannadimediumTamil Nadu
pannunot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
panoHinduScheduled CastepanomediumOdisha, Jharkhand, Bihar
panwarHinduKshatriya / RajputparmarmediumHimachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh
paonamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
paraiyarHinduScheduled CasteparaiyarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
paranjapeHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
parayaHinduScheduled CasteparaiyarmediumKerala
parayanHinduScheduled CasteparaiyarhighTamil Nadu, Kerala
pardhiHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicpardhihighMaharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat
pareekHinduBrahminpareekhighRajasthan
pargiHinduScheduled TribebhilmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
parikhnot setVaishya / tradinggujarati-baniamediumGujarat, Maharashtra
parjaHinduScheduled TribeparojamediumOdisha
parmarHinduKshatriya / RajputparmarmediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
parojaHinduScheduled TribeparojamediumOdisha
parrayMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
parteHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
pashaMuslimnot setnot setlowAll India
pasiHinduScheduled Castepasihigh6 states
paswanHinduScheduled CastedusadhhighBihar, Jharkhand
patelHinduDominant landholdingpatidarhighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
pateliaHinduScheduled TribebhilmediumGujarat, Madhya Pradesh
pathakHinduBrahminpathakhigh10 states
pathanMuslimAshrafpathanhighAll India
patidarHinduDominant landholdingpatidarhighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
patilHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra, Karnataka
patnaikHinduKayastha / writerkaranmediumOdisha
patniHinduScheduled CastepatnimediumAssam, West Bengal, Manipur
pattnaikHinduKayastha / writerkaranmediumOdisha
patwaHinduOther Backward Classespatwamedium10 states
paudelHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunhighSikkim, West Bengal
pauriaHinduScheduled Tribesanthalhigh5 states
pauwarHinduKshatriya / RajputparmarmediumHimachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh
pawarHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
payengnot setScheduled TribemisinghighAssam
pebamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
peerMuslimnot setpeermediumJammu and Kashmir
peerahiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimpeerahimediumUttar Pradesh
pegunot setScheduled TribemisinghighAssam
pendseHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
pereiraChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
perikaHinduOther Backward ClassesperikamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
petitParsinot setparsihighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa
phadtareHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
phomChristianTribal ChristianphommediumNagaland
pillai splitHinduDominant landholdingnairmediumKerala
pillai splitHinduDominant landholdingvellalarmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
pinjaraMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimpinjarahighUttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
pinjariMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimpinjarahighUttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana
pintoChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
pisharodyHinduArtisan and serviceambalavasihighKerala
pithwasHinduVaishya / tradingmarwarimediumAll India
plahaSikhRamgarhiaramgarhialowPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
poddarHinduVaishya / tradingmarwarimediumAll India
poduvalHinduArtisan and serviceambalavasihighKerala
pookoyaMuslimnot setkoyamediumKerala, Lakshadweep
pooniaHinduOther Backward ClassesjathighRajasthan
porwalHinduVaishya / tradingporwalhighRajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra
potamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
poudelHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunhighSikkim, West Bengal
poumaiChristianTribal ChristianpoumaimediumManipur
poundraHinduScheduled CastepoundramediumWest Bengal
pouriaHinduScheduled Tribesanthalhigh5 states
prabhuHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswatmediumGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
prajapatiHinduArtisan and servicekumharhighAll India
pulayaHinduScheduled CastepulayahighKerala
purinot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
purohitHinduBrahminpurohithighAll India
purtyHinduScheduled TribemundahighJharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal
pusamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
pushkarnaHinduBrahminpushkarnahighRajasthan
puthiraiHinduScheduled Casteputhirai-vannanlowTamil Nadu
qadriMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
qasabMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimqasaimediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
qasaiMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimqasaihigh6 states
qasmiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimqasmimediumAll India
qassabMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimqureshimediumAll India
qaziMuslimnot setqazimediumMaharashtra, Karnataka
quraishiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimqureshihighAll India
qureshiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimqureshihighAll India
rabariHinduOther Backward ClassesrabarihighGujarat, Rajasthan
rabhaHinduScheduled TriberabhahighAssam
raghuvanshiHinduKshatriya / Rajputraghuvanshimedium10 states
rahamanMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
rahmanMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
raidasHinduScheduled CastechamarhighAll India
raigarHinduScheduled CasteraigarmediumRajasthan
raikaHinduOther Backward ClassesrabarihighRajasthan, Gujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
rainaHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
rajakHinduScheduled CastedhobimediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
rajakaHinduOther Backward ClassesrajakahighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
rajbanshi splitHinduOther Backward Classeskoch-rajbongshihighAssam
rajbanshi splitHinduScheduled CasterajbanshihighWest Bengal, Tripura
rajbharHinduOther Backward ClassesrajbharhighUttar Pradesh, Bihar
rajgondHinduScheduled TribegondmediumTelangana, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh
rajputHinduKshatriya / RajputrajputhighAll India
rajuarHinduScheduled CasterajwarhighBihar
rajwarHinduScheduled CasterajwarhighBihar, Jharkhand
ralteChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
ramdasinot setScheduled CasteravidasiahighPunjab, Haryana
ramdasianot setScheduled CasteravidasiahighPunjab, Haryana, NCT of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh
ramgarhiaSikhRamgarhiaramgarhiahighPunjab, Chandigarh, NCT of Delhi
ramoshiHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicramoshihighMaharashtra
ranadeHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
randhawanot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
raneHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
rangrezMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimrangrezhigh6 states
rankaJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
rathHinduBrahminrathmediumOdisha
rathawaHinduScheduled TriberathwahighGujarat
ratherMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
rathiaHinduScheduled TribekanwarmediumChhattisgarh
rathodHinduKshatriya / RajputrathoremediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
rathoreHinduKshatriya / RajputrathorehighRajasthan, Gujarat
rathwaHinduScheduled TriberathwahighGujarat
rautelaHinduKshatriya / Rajputpahari-rajputmediumUttarakhand
ravidasHinduScheduled CastechamarhighAll India
ravidasianot setScheduled CasteravidasiahighPunjab, Haryana
rawtherMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimtamil-muslimmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
rayeenMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimrayeenhigh5 states
razdanHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
readymoneyParsinot setparsihighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa
reangHinduScheduled TribereanghighTripura
rebariHinduOther Backward ClassesrabarihighGujarat, Rajasthan
reddyHinduDominant landholdingreddyhighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
regarHinduScheduled CasteregarhighRajasthan
rehgarHinduScheduled CasteraigarmediumRajasthan
rehmanMuslimnot setnot sethighAll India
relliHinduScheduled CasterellihighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
riarnot setDominant landholdingjatmedium6 states
rishiHinduScheduled CastemuchimediumWest Bengal
riyangHinduScheduled TribereanghighTripura
rizviMuslimAshrafsyedhighAll India
rodriguesChristianLatin Catholickonkani-catholichighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala
rohidasHinduScheduled CastechamarhighMaharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh
rohitHinduScheduled CasterohitmediumGujarat
rongnot setScheduled TribelepchamediumSikkim, West Bengal
rongmeiChristianTribal ChristianrongmeihighManipur
rowtherMuslimPasmanda / backward Muslimtamil-muslimmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
ruiaHinduVaishya / tradingmarwarimediumAll India
sabarHinduScheduled TribesavaramediumOdisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh
sabharwalnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
sachdevnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
sachdevanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
saharanHinduOther Backward ClassesjatmediumRajasthan
sahariyaHinduScheduled TribesahariyahighRajasthan, Madhya Pradesh
sahgalnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
sahninot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
sahuHinduOther Backward ClassestelimediumOdisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand
saifiMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimsaifihighAll India
sailoChristianTribal ChristianmizohighMizoram
sainHinduOther Backward ClassesnaimediumUttar Pradesh, Rajasthan
sainiHinduOther Backward Classessainihigh11 states
sairemHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
saitwalJainnot setsaitwal-jainhighMaharashtra
saksenaHinduKayastha / writerkayasthahighUttar Pradesh
salamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
saliyaHinduOther Backward ClassessaliyamediumKerala, Karnataka
salmaniMuslimPasmanda / backward MuslimsalmanihighAll India
saloiHinduOther Backward ClassessaloimediumAssam
salujanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
salunkheHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
salviHinduScheduled CastesalvimediumRajasthan
samagaraHinduScheduled CastesamagaramediumKarnataka
sambavaHinduScheduled CasteparaiyarhighTamil Nadu, Kerala, Puducherry
sambavarHinduScheduled CasteparaiyarhighTamil Nadu, Kerala, Puducherry
samranot setDominant landholdingjatmedium6 states
sanasamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
sandhunot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
sangadaHinduScheduled TribebhilmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
sanghviJainVaishya / tradingoswalmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
sangmaChristianTribal ChristiangarohighMeghalaya
sangwanHinduDominant landholdingjathighHaryana
sansiHinduScheduled CastesansimediumUttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab
santhalHinduScheduled TribesanthalhighJharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha, Bihar
saoraHinduScheduled TribesavaramediumOdisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh
saperaHinduScheduled CastekalbeliamediumRajasthan
sapkotaHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunhighSikkim, West Bengal
sapruHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
saranHinduOther Backward ClassesjathighRajasthan
saraogiJainVaishya / tradingoswalhighRajasthan, West Bengal, Maharashtra
sargaraHinduScheduled CastesargarahighRajasthan
sarkiHinduScheduled CastesarkihighSikkim, West Bengal
sarmaHinduBrahminsarmahighAssam, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana
saryaraHinduScheduled CastesaryaramediumJammu and Kashmir
sassoonJewishnot setbaghdadi-jewhighMaharashtra, West Bengal
sastryHinduBrahminsastryhighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
satapathyHinduBrahminnot sethighOdisha
satheHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
satnamiHinduScheduled CastesatnamihighChhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh
satpathyHinduBrahminnot sethighOdisha
sauraHinduScheduled TribesavaramediumOdisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh
savarHinduScheduled TribesavaramediumOdisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh
savaraHinduScheduled TribesaoramediumOdisha
sawantHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
sawhneynot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
sawkmieChristianTribal ChristiankhasimediumMeghalaya
saxenaHinduKayastha / writersaxenahigh10 states
sayedMuslimAshrafsyedhighAll India
sayyedMuslimAshrafsyedhighAll India
screwvalaParsinot setnot sethighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
sehariaHinduScheduled TribesahariyahighRajasthan, Madhya Pradesh
sehgalnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
sekhonnot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
semaChristianTribal ChristiansumimediumNagaland
semwalHinduBrahmingarhwali-brahminhighUttarakhand
senHinduKayastha / writerbengali-baidyamediumWest Bengal, Tripura
senguntharHinduOther Backward ClassessenguntharmediumTamil Nadu
senguptaHinduKayastha / writerbaidyahighWest Bengal, Tripura
senmaHinduScheduled CastesenmahighGujarat
senvaHinduScheduled CastesenmamediumGujarat
servaiHinduOther Backward ClassesagamudayarmediumTamil Nadu
sethHinduVaishya / tradingsethmediumAll India
sethinot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium6 states
sethiaJainVaishya / tradingoswalmediumAll India
sethnaParsinot setnot setmediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
shaikMuslimnot setsheikhmediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
shaikhMuslimnot setsheikhmediumAll India
shakyaHinduOther Backward ClasseskushwahamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
shanbhagHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
sharmaHinduBrahminsharmahigh10 states
shastriHinduBrahminshastrihighAll India
sheikhMuslimnot setsheikhmediumAll India
shekhMuslimnot setsheikhmediumAll India
shekhawatHinduKshatriya / RajputshekhawathighRajasthan
shenoiHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
shenoyHinduBrahminkonkani-saraswathighGoa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
sherdukpennot setScheduled TribesherdukpenmediumArunachal Pradesh
sherpaBuddhistScheduled TribesherpahighSikkim, West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh
shilpkarHinduScheduled CasteshilpkarhighUttarakhand
shimpiHinduOther Backward ClassesshimpihighMaharashtra
shindeHinduDominant landholdingmarathamediumMaharashtra
shiraChristianTribal ChristiangarohighMeghalaya
shravgiJainVaishya / tradingoswalhighRajasthan, West Bengal, Maharashtra
shresthaHindunot setnewarmediumSikkim, West Bengal, NCT of Delhi
shuklaHinduBrahminshuklahigh10 states
siddinot setScheduled TribesiddihighKarnataka, Gujarat
siddiqueMuslimAshrafsiddiquihighAll India
siddiquiMuslimAshrafsiddiquihighAll India
sidhunot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
sihagHinduOther Backward ClassesjathighRajasthan
sikligarHinduScheduled CastesikligarhighPunjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, NCT of Delhi
simteChristianTribal ChristiankukimediumManipur
sindhunot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
singhalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh11 states
singlaHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh10 states
singphonot setScheduled TribesingphomediumArunachal Pradesh
sinhaHinduKayastha / writersinhamediumBihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal
sinkuHinduScheduled TribehohighJharkhand, Odisha
sisodiaHinduKshatriya / RajputsisodiahighRajasthan
sitlhouChristianTribal ChristiankukimediumManipur
sodhiSikhKhatri / Arora SikhsodhihighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
solankiHinduKshatriya / RajputsolankimediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
soligaHinduScheduled TribesoligahighKarnataka
sonarHinduArtisan and servicesunarmedium5 states
soniHinduArtisan and servicesunarmediumAll India
sonowalHinduScheduled Tribesonowal-kacharihighAssam
soodnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
sorenHinduScheduled TribesanthalhighJharkhand, West Bengal
sorengHinduScheduled TribekhariamediumJharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh
soriHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
sorokhaibamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
soyHinduScheduled TribemundahighJharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal
soyamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
srivastavHinduKayastha / writerkayasthahighUttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh
srivastavaHinduKayastha / writersrivastavahigh10 states
subbaHinduScheduled TribelimbulowSikkim, West Bengal
subediHinduBrahmingorkha-bahunhighSikkim, West Bengal
suchiangnot setScheduled TribepnarmediumMeghalaya
sudnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
sugaliHinduScheduled Tribelambadimedium5 states
sultanaMuslimnot setnot setmediumAll India
sumiChristianTribal ChristiansumimediumNagaland
suranaJainVaishya / tradingoswalmedium5 states
surinot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
surinHinduScheduled TribekhariamediumJharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh
sutHinduOther Backward ClassessutmediumAssam
sutarHinduArtisan and servicesutarmediumMaharashtra
sutharHinduArtisan and servicesutharmediumGujarat, Rajasthan
sutiaHinduOther Backward ClasseschutiyamediumAssam
sutradharHinduScheduled CastesutradharmediumAssam, West Bengal, Meghalaya
swahitwalJainnot setsaitwal-jainhighMaharashtra
swarnakarHinduArtisan and serviceswarnakarmediumWest Bengal
swuChristianTribal ChristiansumimediumNagaland
syedMuslimAshrafsyedhighAll India
syiemChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
tabanot setScheduled TribenyishimediumArunachal Pradesh
tadvinot setScheduled TribebhilmediumGujarat, Maharashtra
tahilianiHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
talaviaHinduScheduled TribedublahighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
talwarnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
tamangnot setScheduled TribetamanghighSikkim, West Bengal, Assam
tamoliHinduOther Backward ClasseschaurasiamediumUttar Pradesh, Bihar
tamudiaHinduScheduled CastetamudiamediumOdisha
tandonnot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
tanejanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
tangsanot setScheduled TribetangsamediumArunachal Pradesh
tantiHinduOther Backward ClassestantimediumOdisha
tantreyMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
tarmaliHinduScheduled CastepasimediumUttar Pradesh
tataParsinot setparsihighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa
tayalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwalhigh10 states
techinot setScheduled TribenyishimediumArunachal Pradesh
tekamHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
teliHinduOther Backward ClassestelihighAll India
tewariHinduBrahmintiwarihigh10 states
thakkarHinduVaishya / tradinglohanamediumGujarat, Maharashtra
thakorHinduOther Backward ClassesthakorhighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
thampiHinduDominant landholdingnairhighKerala
thangalMuslimAshrafsyedmediumKerala
thangjamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
thapliyalHinduBrahmingarhwali-brahminhighUttarakhand
thattanHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmahighKerala
thatteHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
thatumHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
thengalHinduScheduled Tribethengal-kacharimediumAssam
thevarHinduDominant landholdingthevarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
thiyyaHinduOther Backward ClassesezhavahighKerala
thokchomHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
thomaChristianSyrian Christiannot setmediumKerala
thoriHinduScheduled CastethorimediumRajasthan
thotiHinduScheduled Castethotimedium5 states
tickooHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
tigganot setScheduled TribeoraonmediumJharkhand, Chhattisgarh
tikooHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
tilakHinduBrahminchitpavanhighMaharashtra
tingalHinduVaishya / tradingagarwallow10 states
tirgarHinduScheduled CastetirgarmediumGujarat
tirkeynot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh5 states
tiwaHinduScheduled TribetiwahighAssam
tiwariHinduBrahmintiwarihigh10 states
tochtawngChristianTribal ChristianmizomediumMizoram
todaHinduScheduled TribetodahighTamil Nadu
tolaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
tomarHinduKshatriya / Rajputtomarmedium10 states
toornot setDominant landholdingjathigh6 states
topnoHinduScheduled TribekhariamediumJharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh
topponot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh5 states
tripathiHinduBrahminnot sethighUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttarakhand
tripathyHinduBrahminnot sethighOdisha
tripuraHinduScheduled TribetripurihighTripura
trivediHinduBrahmintrivedihighAll India
tsakalaHinduOther Backward ClassesrajakamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
tuduHinduScheduled TribesanthalhighJharkhand, West Bengal
turahaHinduScheduled CasteturaihamediumUttar Pradesh
turaihaHinduScheduled CasteturaihamediumUttar Pradesh
turiHinduScheduled Casteturimedium5 states
tutejanot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
tyagiHinduBrahminnot setmediumUttar Pradesh, NCT of Delhi, Haryana
uberainot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
uchoiHinduScheduled TribeuchoimediumTripura
udayarHinduDominant landholdingudayarmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
uikeHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
uikeyHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
ulladanHinduScheduled TribeulladanmediumKerala
uniyalHinduBrahmingarhwali-brahminhighUttarakhand
unnithanHinduDominant landholdingnairhighKerala
upadhyayHinduBrahminupadhyayhighAll India
upparaHinduOther Backward ClassesupparamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
usendiHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
usmaniMuslimAshrafusmanihighAll India
vadderaHinduOther Backward ClassesvadderamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
vaghriHinduDenotified, nomadic or semi-nomadicvaghrihighGujarat, Maharashtra, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
vaipheiChristianTribal ChristiankukihighManipur
vajpayeeHinduBrahminnot sethighUttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh
valanHinduOther Backward ClassesdheevaramediumKerala
valayarHinduOther Backward ClassesvalayarmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
valluvanHinduScheduled CastevalluvanmediumTamil Nadu, Kerala, Puducherry
valmikiHinduScheduled CastevalmikihighAll India
valviHinduScheduled TribegamithighGujarat, Maharashtra
vanchhawngChristianTribal ChristianmizomediumMizoram
vanjariHinduOther Backward ClassesvanjarihighMaharashtra
vankarHinduScheduled CastemahyavanshihighGujarat, Maharashtra, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
vannanHinduScheduled CastevannanmediumKerala, Tamil Nadu
vanniyarHinduOther Backward ClassesvanniyarhighTamil Nadu, Puducherry
vargheseChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianhighKerala
variarHinduArtisan and serviceambalavasihighKerala
vasavaHinduScheduled TribebhilhighGujarat, Maharashtra
vasaveHinduScheduled TribebhilhighGujarat, Maharashtra
vaswaniHindunot setsindhi-hinduhigh6 states
velamaHinduDominant landholdingvelamahighAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
velanHinduScheduled CastevelanmediumKerala
velipHinduScheduled TribevelipmediumGoa
vettuvanHinduScheduled CastevettuvanmediumKerala
virknot setDominant landholdingjathighPunjab, Chandigarh, Haryana
vishwakarmaHinduArtisan and servicevishwakarmahighAll India
vohranot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
vyasHinduBrahminvyashighGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
waddarHinduScheduled CastebhovimediumKarnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana
waddeHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
wadderaHinduOther Backward ClasseswadderamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana
wadhawannot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
wadhwannot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrimedium7 states
wadiaParsinot setnot setmediumGujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
waghriHinduOther Backward ClasseswaghrimediumGujarat
wahengbamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
wahinot setKhatri / Arora Sikhkhatrihigh7 states
waikhomHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
wainMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
wanchonot setScheduled TribewanchomediumArunachal Pradesh
wanchooHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi
waniMuslimnot setkashmiri-kramhighJammu and Kashmir
warjriChristianTribal ChristiankhasihighMeghalaya
warrierHinduArtisan and serviceambalavasihighKerala
watalHinduScheduled CastewatalmediumJammu and Kashmir
wattiHinduScheduled Tribegondhigh5 states
xalxonot setScheduled Tribeoraonhigh5 states
yadavHinduOther Backward ClassesyadavhighAll India
yadavaHinduOther Backward ClassesyadavhighAll India
yagnikHinduBrahmingujarati-brahminhighGujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
yaithibiHinduScheduled CasteyaithibihighManipur
yepthominot setScheduled Tribesumi-nagahighNagaland
yerukalaHinduScheduled TribeyerukalamediumAndhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka
yesudianChristiannot settamil-christianmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
yesudossChristiannot settamil-christianmediumTamil Nadu, Puducherry
yumnamHinduDominant landholdingmeiteihighManipur
zachariahChristianSyrian ChristiansyrianhighKerala
zaidiMuslimAshrafnot setmediumAll India
zaverinot setVaishya / tradinggujarati-baniamediumGujarat, Maharashtra
zhimoChristianTribal ChristiansumimediumNagaland
zhimominot setScheduled Tribesumi-nagahighNagaland
zouChristianTribal ChristianzoumediumManipur
zutshiHinduBrahminkashmiri-pandithighJammu and Kashmir, NCT of Delhi

Names shown as themselves

These surnames are recognised and deliberately not mapped to one community, because they genuinely belong to several. On the explorer they appear as their own slice, labelled multiple possibilities, instead of being guessed at or swept into the unidentified share. Being absent from the table above was never the argument; the reason is, and it is printed here.

SurnameShown on the chart asKindWhy it is not mapped
aminAmin (multiple possibilities)Title or officeA Muslim title, and separately a Gujarati Patidar claim.
anandAnand (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA Khatri clan, and a given name, and others.
babuBabu (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerAn honorific, used across every community rather than by one.
baiBai (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA female suffix across the west and centre. Not a family name.
balaBala (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA female suffix across the north. Not a family name.
banoBano (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA female suffix among Muslim families in the north. Not a family name.
baruaBarua (multiple possibilities)Assam titleAn Ahom office, and a Buddhist Bengali surname.
baruahBaruah (multiple possibilities)Assam titleAn Ahom office, carried by many castes.
beheraBehera (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesAn Odisha title across Scheduled Caste and OBC.
bhambraBhambra (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Punjabi clan name shared across Ramgarhia, Jat and Khatri families.
bhamraBhamra (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Punjabi clan name shared across Ramgarhia, Jat and Khatri families.
birdiBirdi (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Punjabi clan name shared across Ramgarhia, Jat and Khatri families.
biswasBiswas (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesNamasudra, Kayastha and Muslim all carry it.
boraBora (multiple possibilities)Assam titleAn Ahom office, carried by many castes.
borahBorah (multiple possibilities)Assam titleAn Ahom office, carried by many castes.
boriBori (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesAn Adi clan, a Marathi place suffix and a common word.
brahmaBrahma (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Bodo surname, an Assamese title and a Sanskrit given name, all spelled the same.
chandChand (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerFiller or given name, used across communities.
chandraChandra (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerFiller or given name, used across communities.
chaudhariChaudhari (multiple possibilities)Title or officeSame title, the western spelling.
chaudharyChaudhary (multiple possibilities)Title or officeJat, Patidar, Bengali Kayastha and Muslim, Koeri. A title, not a community.
choudharyChoudhary (multiple possibilities)Title or officeSame title, another spelling.
chowdaryChowdary (multiple possibilities)Title or officeA Kapu and Kamma title.
chowdharyChowdhary (multiple possibilities)Title or officeSame title, another spelling.
chowdhuryChowdhury (multiple possibilities)Title or officeSame title, the eastern spelling: Hindu and Muslim.
dasDas (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesHindu across the east, Bengali Muslim, and Sikh.
dashDash (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesOdia Brahmin and other communities; also an English word.
debDeb (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesCarried by several different Bengali communities.
deviDevi (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA female suffix used by every community across the Hindi belt.
deyDey (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesCarried by several different Bengali communities.
dharDhar (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesA Kashmiri Muslim kram, a Kashmiri Pandit surname, a Bengali Kayastha one and a Madhya Pradesh place, all the same spelling.
gaikwadGaikwad (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesMaratha and Mahar, in the same Maharashtra districts.
gandhiGandhi (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesLohana, Bania, Parsi and others.
georgeGeorge (multiple possibilities)Christian given nameChristian across several traditions and regions.
hariHari (multiple possibilities)Title or officeA given name, and not a Scheduled Caste marker.
hazarikaHazarika (multiple possibilities)Assam titleAn Ahom office, carried by many castes.
hegdeHegde (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesBunt and Havyaka Brahmin, in the same coastal districts.
jenaJena (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesKhandayat and several others, in Odisha.
johnJohn (multiple possibilities)Christian given nameChristian across several traditions and regions.
josephJoseph (multiple possibilities)Christian given nameChristian across several traditions and regions.
kaleKale (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesCarried by many different Maharashtrian communities.
kashyapKashyap (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Brahmin gotra, and also Nishad and Kahar.
kishoreKishore (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA given name that shows up as a last token.
kumarKumar (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA given name that became a surname nationwide.
kumariKumari (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA female suffix across the Hindi belt. Not a family name.
lalLal (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerAn honorific and filler, used across communities.
mahapatraMahapatra (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesBrahmin and Karan, both in Odisha.
majumdarMajumdar (multiple possibilities)Title or officeA Hindu and Muslim title across Assam and Bengal.
malikMalik (multiple possibilities)Title or officeHindu Jat, Muslim, and Scheduled Caste in some states.
mandalMandal (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesHindu and Muslim, and many different communities.
maneMane (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesMaratha and several other Maharashtrian communities.
mankooMankoo (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Punjabi clan name shared across several communities.
mazumdarMazumdar (multiple possibilities)Title or officeSame title, another spelling.
mehtaMehta (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesBania, Khatri, Parsi and Kayastha all carry it.
miliMili (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Mising clan name and an ordinary given name elsewhere.
mistriMistri (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesParsi, and Hindu carpenter. As Mistry.
mistryMistry (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesParsi, and separately Hindu carpenter.
mohapatraMohapatra (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesBrahmin and Karan, both in Odisha.
mondalMondal (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesHindu and Muslim, and many different communities.
morangMorang (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA place name across the eastern Himalaya as much as a family name.
moreMore (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesMaratha and several other Maharashtrian communities.
naickerNaicker (multiple possibilities)Title or officeVanniyar and Naidu both use it, in Tamil Nadu.
naikNaik (multiple possibilities)Title or officeScheduled Tribe, OBC, and a title, depending on the state.
nathNath (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerYogi lineage, a given name, and a Bengali surname.
nayakNayak (multiple possibilities)Title or officeScheduled Tribe, OBC, and a title, depending on the state.
palPal (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesGaderia and Yadav, Rajput and Kayastha, all in Uttar Pradesh.
passahPassah (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Khasi clan name that also appears as a given name.
paulPaul (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesBengali Christian, and also the Pal spelling.
phukanPhukan (multiple possibilities)Assam titleAn Ahom office, carried by many castes.
pradhanPradhan (multiple possibilities)Title or officeAn Odisha title, a Newar surname, and Scheduled Tribe.
prakashPrakash (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA given name used as a last token.
prasadPrasad (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerFiller, used by every community.
raiRai (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesBunt on the Karnataka coast, Kirati in Sikkim, and a Bihar and UP title.
rajuRaju (multiple possibilities)Title or officeAn Andhra Kshatriya community, and also a given name.
ramRam (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA given name, and a Scheduled Caste and OBC surname.
ranaRana (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesRajput, and separately Gorkha Chhetri.
raniRani (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA female suffix across the Hindi belt, like Devi. Not a family name.
raoRao (multiple possibilities)Title or officeA Deccan title carried by many different communities.
rawatRawat (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesRajput, Scheduled Tribe in Uttarakhand, and others besides.
rayRay (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesAs Roy, and deliberately not the same row as Rai.
rehalRehal (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Punjabi clan name shared across several communities.
riariRiari (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Punjabi clan name shared across several communities.
riatRiat (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Punjabi clan name shared across several communities.
routRout (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesUsed across many different castes in Odisha.
royRoy (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesA title carried across Hindu and Muslim Bengal.
sahaSaha (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesTrading and several other Bengali communities.
saikiaSaikia (multiple possibilities)Assam titleAn Ahom office, carried by many castes.
salveSalve (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesMaratha and Scheduled Caste, in the same districts.
sardarSardar (multiple possibilities)Title or officeA Sikh honorific, and also Hindu and Muslim.
sarkarSarkar (multiple possibilities)Eastern, several communitiesA title carried across Hindu and Muslim Bengal.
shahShah (multiple possibilities)Title or officeGujarati Jain, Gujarati Hindu, and also a Muslim title.
shettyShetty (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesBunt, Jain, Balija and Devanga, all on the Karnataka coast.
singhSingh (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerSikh, Rajput, eastern-UP and Bihar Hindu, Gorkha, Mazhabi. Kaur is the Sikh-decisive token; Singh is not.
sumerSumer (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA given name in the north and a clan token in the northeast.
swainSwain (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesUsed across many different castes in Odisha.
tanaTana (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Nyishi token, a Bhagat movement name and a common word.
tandelTandel (multiple possibilities)Title or officeThe skipper of a boat. Carried by Kharwa, Koli, Mangela and migrant crews alike, so it names a job and not a community.
thakurThakur (multiple possibilities)Title or officeRajput and others in the north and west; a Brahmin surname in Bengal.
thapaThapa (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesMagar and Chhetri, even inside Sikkim itself.
thomasThomas (multiple possibilities)Christian given nameSyrian, Latin, CSI and north Indian Christian all use it.
thoratThorat (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesMaratha and Mahar, in the same Maharashtra districts.
varmaVarma (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesAs Verma, and separately a Kerala royal surname.
vermaVerma (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesKayastha, Kshatriya, OBC and Scheduled Caste, in the same states.
virdiVirdi (multiple possibilities)One spelling, two peoplesA Punjabi clan name shared across Ramgarhia, Jat and Khatri families.
watiWati (multiple possibilities)Hindi-belt fillerA female suffix, mostly Punjabi and Haryanvi. Not a family name.
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